Fluid Therapy: DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
Written by Dr.ChrisFluid Therapy: DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS: Dehydration is a very important accompaniment of diabetic ketosis and is due to osmotic diuresis resulting from hyperglycemia and products of cellular catabolism. Many formulae based on elaborate biochemical studies are available to calculate the actual fluid deficit, but such biochemical estimations are seldom possible in general practice. For practical purposes […]
Tags: fibrinogenopenia, hemorrhage, puerperium
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Prophylactic Forceps: Delivery
Written by Dr.ChrisThe prophylactic forceps: Fetal distress is not permitted to develop. Hence, once the head has come on to the pelvic floor even if there is no fetal or maternal distress, if maternal efforts have not been able to complete the delivery within half an hour, the delivery is completed by forceps. The term ‘elective’ or […]
Tags: Anemia, antepartum, Antibiotic, Delivery, ECLAMPSIA, Gonorrhoea, hemorrhage, Infection, Maternal diseases, Pregnancy, Pubis, toxemia, Uterus
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Radical caesarean section
Written by Dr.ChrisRadical caesarean section (Caesarean hysterectomy): Indications: The removal of the uterus in a woman of the child bearing period should not be undertaken lightly, but occasionally it is necessary to perform an operation of this nature for the safety of the mother. In modern obstetrics the indications for hysterectomy at the time of caesarean section […]
Tags: hemorrhage, hysterectomy, lymphadenectomy, multigravida, Multiple fibroids, oxytocics, Rupture of the uterus
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Difficulties and Complications: Caesarean Section
Written by Dr.ChrisDifficulties and complications: Difficulties and complications may arise in the course of a classical caesarean section. These are as follows:
1. Actual delivery: The head may be engaged in the brim of the pelvis and difficulty experienced in extracting it. The uterine incision may have to be extended towards the symphysis pubis, and with traction on the […]
Tags: Actual delivery, hemorrhage, Placenta, Scar endometriosis, symphysis pubis, Uteroparietal fistula
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Birth injury: Perinatal Mortality
Written by Dr.ChrisBirth injury: To the obstetrician, death from birth trauma always has been the most obvious and important cause of stillbirth because its prevention depends largely on the standard of maternity service and the skill of the attendant. Various types of birth trauma which may prove fatal may occur during delivery. Intracranial injury and hemorrhage result […]
Tags: birth trauma, cephalopelvic disproportion, difficult forceps, Extradural, hemorrhage, intracranial injury, intraventricular hemorrhage, subarachnoid
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Treatment after delivery: Asphyxia
Written by Dr.ChrisTreatment after delivery:
When a child is born and is not breathing, it is important to determine if the asphyxia is mild or severe because, if severe, no time is to be wasted on inefficient methods, while in the mild cases the simplest remedies are usually successful.
The principles governing the treatment are as follows:
1) Proper position of […]
Tags: asphyxia, endotracheal aspiration, endotracheal tube, hemorrhage, oropharynx
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Maternal Mortality
Written by Dr.ChrisMaternal mortality: One hundred and sixty four cases met with during a seven-year period were dealt with as follows: 12 mothers died soon after admission• before anything could be done, i.e., within half to one hour. Of the remaining 152, 123 were dealt with by hysterectomy (74 total’and 49 subtotal) and in 29 the rent […]
Tags: hemorrhage, hysterectomy, Maternal Mortality, peritonitis, tubal sterilisation
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Protracted Labour:Rupture of the Uterus
Written by Dr.ChrisProtracted Labour: Rupture of the Uterus: For a correct appreciation of the rupture of the uterus in protracted labour, one must bear in mind the anatomical features of the uterus during labour. The upper uterine segment contracts and retracts while the lower uterine segment dilates and stretches to accommodate the descending fetus. The demarcation between […]
Tags: hematoma, hemorrhage, peritonitis, Protracted Labour, threatening rupture, tonically contracted uterus
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Lacerations of the cervix: Treatment,prognosis
Written by Dr.ChrisLacerations of the cervix: Prognosis: Small tears of the cervix usually heal without difficulty, but the risk of infection should always be borne’ in mind. Larger tears may immediately give rise to severe hemorrhage and later produce extensive scarring which extends to and involves the vaginal vault. They lead to ectropion and persistent cervicitis. In […]
Tags: ectropion, endocervix, endometritism, hemorrhage, old lacerations, pelvic cellulitis, persistent cervicitis
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Symphysis Pubis Injuries
Written by Dr.ChrisInjury to the symphysis pubis: This sometimes occurs spontaneously, but is more often produced during the forcible extration of the head through the pelvic brim, either by forceps or in a breech delivery. When it occurs spontaneously, it is generally the result of strong uterine contractions driving the head suddenly through the pelvis. This accident […]
Tags: hemorrhage, Injuries, pubic bones, sacro-iliac joints, symphysis pubis
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Prognosis of Inversion of Utreus
Written by Dr.ChrisPrognosis:
The prognosis of this condition is grave, although with efficient help at hand to apply energetic treatment, the mortality may be considerably reduced. The shock and collapse associated with inversion are out of all proportion to the blood loss. Death is due to shock, hemorrhage or sepis.
Prophylaxis:
Every effort should be made to prevent its occurrence […]
Tags: hemorrhage, Inversion of Utreus, prophylaxis, sepis
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Infected retained placenta
Written by Dr.ChrisInfected retained placenta:
Sometimes patients are seen with frank infection and retained placenta. This happens more commonly in premature births with macerated fetuses. In the absence of hemorrhage, the infection should be controlled with antibiotics. After it is controlled and the temperature has been normal for a week, the uterus should be emptied by surgical methods. […]
Tags: hemorrhage, macerated fetuses, retained placenta
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Manual placental separation: After delivery
Written by Dr.Chris1) When a placenta is not expelled within 15-20 minutes after delivery, there is no bleeding and the signs of placental separation and descent are not evident, the patient should be kept under careful observation. Her pulse and blood pressure should be recorded. A hand may be placed on the abdomen behind the fundus of […]
Tags: hemorrhage, Manual removal, placental separation, vulval outlet
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Complications in retention of placenta
Written by Dr.ChrisClinical features:
A placenta which,is not expelled in the usual time is always a source of danger. The first and greatest danger is hemorrhage, which may be a severe, sudden bout or, what is more common, a continuous steady trickle of blood. In either case, the result is profound; sudden collapse in the former and gradual […]
Tags: fibrinogenopenia, hemorrhage, puerperium
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Clinical features of Postpartum hemorrhage
Written by Dr.ChrisClinical features:
These necessarily depend upon the patient’s-general condition and the amount of blood loss. The bleeding occurs more often before the expulsion of the placenta than after, but third stage bleeding may be in the form of a steady continuous trickle or a gush. Occasionally, the external bleeding may be slight but the uterus may […]
Tags: air hunger, faintness, flabby uterus, hemorrhage, postpartum hemorrhage, restless, sweating, umbilicus
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